在日常的維修工作中，醫用(yong)內窺(kui)鏡系統故(gu)障(zhang)時(shi)有發(fa)生，常見故(gu)障(zhang)主要(yao)分(fen)為圖(tu)像(xiang)顯示故(gu)障(zhang)、內窺(kui)鏡故(gu)障(zhang)、其他配套(tao)設備(bei)和(he)器械(xie)故(gu)障(zhang)。

In daily maintenance work, medical endoscope system failures often occur, and common failures are mainly divided into image display failures, endoscope failures, and other supporting equipment and instrument failures.

圖像顯示故障

Image display failure

圖(tu)像顯(xian)示故障主(zhu)要(yao)包括圖(tu)像異常顯(xian)示和監視器無圖(tu)像。

Image display faults mainly include abnormal image display and no image on the monitor.

（1） 圖像(xiang)異常顯示

(1) Abnormal image display

故障現(xian)象(xiang)為監視(shi)器有圖像輸出(chu)，但圖像出(chu)現(xian)水(shui)平(ping)或垂直彩色條紋干擾、彩色雪花狀閃爍等(deng)，故障分析(xi)及(ji)處(chu)理如下：

The fault phenomenon is that the monitor has image output, but the image shows horizontal or vertical color stripe interference, color snowflake flickering, etc. The fault analysis and handling are as follows:

，因檢查高清(qing)攝像(xiang)頭手(shou)柄(bing)和電纜的連(lian)接(jie)(jie)點，此(ci)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)點在使(shi)用過程中反復彎(wan)曲和拉扯(che)容易(yi)造成電纜損壞，圖像(xiang)會(hui)出現水平或垂(chui)直彩色條紋，方法是更換(huan)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)線。

Firstly, due to the inspection of the connection point between the high-definition camera handle and cable, repeated bending and pulling during use can easily cause cable damage, resulting in horizontal or vertical color stripes in the image. The solution is to replace the connection line.

其(qi)次，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)線與主機相連(lian)的(de)(de)插(cha)頭經過反復(fu)插(cha)拔或(huo)(huo)操作不(bu)當，容(rong)易(yi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)現老化腐蝕，造成接觸不(bu)良、圖(tu)像(xiang)也會(hui)出(chu)(chu)(chu)此種故障，應對措施是加強規范性操作培訓(xun)和定期維護保養。由于手(shou)(shou)術室內的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣化設(she)(she)備(bei)越(yue)來越(yue)多，特(te)別是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刀(dao)等(deng)高頻高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流設(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)應用，可能產生(sheng)較小的(de)(de)信號干擾(rao)。尤其(qi)當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)凝(ning)(ning)棒、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刀(dao)筆或(huo)(huo)連(lian)接線等(deng)器(qi)械出(chu)(chu)(chu)現漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，會(hui)出(chu)(chu)(chu)現每次用腳踏開(kai)關(guan)啟動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)凝(ning)(ning)或(huo)(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)切，顯示器(qi)圖(tu)像(xiang)就完全(quan)變成彩色雪花狀閃爍，松開(kai)腳踏停(ting)止(zhi)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)后圖(tu)像(xiang)恢復(fu)正常。像(xiang)這樣的(de)(de)情(qing)況，需(xu)要立(li)刻更(geng)換一(yi)套完好電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刀(dao)設(she)(she)備(bei)，先保證手(shou)(shou)術順利(li)完成。同時把漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)凝(ning)(ning)棒、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刀(dao)筆或(huo)(huo)連(lian)接線等(deng)器(qi)械進(jin)行檢測，及時修(xiu)理(li)或(huo)(huo)更(geng)換。

Secondly, the plug connecting the cable to the host is prone to aging and corrosion after repeated insertion and removal or improper operation, resulting in poor contact and similar faults in the image. The response measures are to strengthen standardized operation training and regular maintenance. Due to the increasing number of electrified equipment in the operating room, especially the application of high-frequency and high current equipment such as electric knives, small signal interference may occur. Especially when there is electrical leakage in instruments such as electrocoagulation rods, electric knives, pens, or connecting wires, every time the foot switch is used to start electrocoagulation or electrocoagulation, the display image will completely turn into a colorful snowflake like flashing. After releasing the foot switch to stop outputting, the image will return to normal. In situations like this, it is necessary to immediately replace a set of intact electric knife equipment to ensure the smooth completion of the surgery. At the same time, detect and promptly repair or replace the leaking electric coagulation rod, electric knife pen, or connecting wire.

（2）監視器無圖像

(2) Monitor has no image

故障現象(xiang)主要是監(jian)視(shi)器(qi)(qi)無(wu)圖(tu)像(xiang)輸出，可以分(fen)為(wei)兩種(zhong)(zhong)：一種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)監(jian)視(shi)器(qi)(qi)呈黑屏狀態，無(wu)圖(tu)像(xiang)，無(wu)內窺(kui)(kui)鏡視(shi)野框(kuang)；另一種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)監(jian)視(shi)器(qi)(qi)有(you)內窺(kui)(kui)鏡視(shi)野框(kuang)，但(dan)無(wu)圖(tu)像(xiang)。

The main fault phenomenon is that the monitor has no image output, which can be divided into two types: one is that the monitor is in a black screen state, with no image or endoscope field of view frame; Another type is that the monitor has an endoscopic field of view frame but no image.

、針對種(zhong)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)現(xian)(xian)象，一(yi)般會(hui)考慮是(shi)(shi)(shi)否為(wei)監視(shi)(shi)器(qi)本身故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)或(huo)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)。現(xian)(xian)在的(de)(de)(de)監視(shi)(shi)器(qi)多為(wei)高清液晶(jing)(jing)顯示器(qi)，對監視(shi)(shi)器(qi)進行(xing)檢(jian)查時(shi)，需(xu)測量外置(zhi)(zhi) 12 V 直流電源適(shi)配器(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)常供電，若無正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)常供電，及(ji)(ji)時(shi)更換適(shi)配器(qi)；若正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)常，重啟(qi)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)，觀察開機(ji)自檢(jian)畫面是(shi)(shi)(shi)否正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)常，如(ru)果自檢(jian)不(bu)通過則可(ke)送代理商進行(xing)維(wei)修(xiu)。現(xian)(xian)在的(de)(de)(de)醫用高清液晶(jing)(jing)顯示器(qi)技術(shu)成(cheng)(cheng)熟、質量可(ke)靠，一(yi)般故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)率(lv)很(hen)低，出現(xian)(xian)無圖像(xiang)現(xian)(xian)象的(de)(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)絕(jue)大多數是(shi)(shi)(shi)由于信(xin)號(hao)(hao)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)。此時(shi)，應從簡單的(de)(de)(de)操作入(ru)(ru)(ru)手，先檢(jian)查液晶(jing)(jing)顯示 器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)模式是(shi)(shi)(shi)否設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)確，常用信(xin)號(hao)(hao)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)模式有 DVI、 HDMI、S-Video、SDI 等格式，然后查看信(xin)號(hao)(hao)傳(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)電纜的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)類(lei)及(ji)(ji) 其在顯示器(qi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)接入(ru)(ru)(ru)端(duan)口種(zhong)類(lei)名稱(cheng)來確定(ding)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)模式，檢(jian)查顯示 器(qi)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)菜單中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)格式是(shi)(shi)(shi)否設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)相同，若不(bu)同則重新設(she)(she)(she)置(zhi)(zhi) 后故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)大多數可(ke)。反之，則需(xu)要(yao)(yao)沿著信(xin)號(hao)(hao)傳(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)路徑反向檢(jian) 查，查看攝(she)像(xiang)機(ji)主機(ji)與(yu)監視(shi)(shi)器(qi)之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)號(hao)(hao)傳(chuan)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)電纜是(shi)(shi)(shi)否脫落(luo)或(huo) 損壞，檢(jian)查攝(she)像(xiang)機(ji)主機(ji)和攝(she)像(xiang)頭(tou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)常工(gong)作，如(ru)果上(shang)述設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)出 現(xian)(xian)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)，則需(xu)要(yao)(yao)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)更換備(bei)用部件并(bing)進行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)維(wei)修(xiu)。

Regarding the first fault phenomenon, it is generally considered whether it is caused by a malfunction of the monitor itself or a signal input malfunction. Nowadays, most monitors are high-definition LCD displays. When inspecting monitors, it is necessary to measure whether the external 12V DC power adapter is supplying power normally. If there is no normal power supply, replace the adapter in a timely manner; If it is normal, restart the device and observe whether the power on self-test screen is normal. If the self-test fails, it can be sent to a professional agent for repair. The current medical high-definition LCD display technology is mature and reliable in quality, with a generally low failure rate. The vast majority of failures without image phenomenon are caused by signal input faults. At this point, a simple operation should be started. First, check whether the signal input mode of the LCD display is set correctly. Common signal input modes include DVI, HDMI, S-Video, SDI, etc. Then, check the type of signal transmission cable and the name of the port connected to the display to determine the input mode. Check whether the signal format in the display input menu is set to the same, If different, most of the faults can be eliminated after resetting. On the contrary, it is necessary to check the signal transmission path in the opposite direction, check whether the signal transmission cable between the camera host and the monitor is loose or damaged, and check whether the camera host and the camera are working properly. If the above equipment malfunctions, it is necessary to replace spare parts in a timely manner and carry out professional maintenance.

、針對(dui)第二種故(gu)障現象，應當優先考慮的(de)(de)是內(nei)窺鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)子自身出現問題，比如各種電子軟鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)因為漏水，液體進(jin)入 CCD，造成(cheng) CDD 底座腐蝕、嚴(yan)重時(shi)(shi) CCD 損(sun)壞、無圖像輸出。而(er)硬鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)出現彎折變形、物(wu)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)碎裂等問題時(shi)(shi)，也會造成(cheng)無圖像故(gu)障。這(zhe)些問題主(zhu)要(yao)由(you)于診察和手術中(zhong)(zhong)以及中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)不(bu)規范(fan)操(cao)(cao)作造成(cheng)。例(li)如，泌尿(niao)外(wai)科手術中(zhong)(zhong)使用鈥激光時(shi)(shi)，操(cao)(cao)作光纖不(bu)到位(wei)，擊穿(chuan)了鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)子管路；硬鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)物(wu)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)被(bei)高(gao)頻電刀(dao)電擊，或被(bei)動(dong)力(li)系統工(gong)作部誤撞，造成(cheng)物(wu) 鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)碎裂；或者時(shi)(shi)不(bu)慎(shen)摔碰造成(cheng)損(sun)壞等。由(you)于自身維(wei)修技術和設備等限制，出現上(shang)述故(gu)障的(de)(de)內(nei)窺鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)大多數(shu)需要(yao)外(wai)送的(de)(de)維(wei)修公司，費時(shi)(shi)費錢。所(suo)以，規范(fan)操(cao)(cao)作十分(fen)必要(yao)，對(dui)操(cao)(cao)作人員要(yao)定期進(jin)行嚴(yan)格的(de)(de)培訓和考核(he)，以減少此類故(gu)障的(de)(de)發生(sheng)。

For the second type of malfunction, priority should be given to problems with the endoscope mirror itself, such as various electronic soft mirrors leaking water and liquid entering the CCD, causing corrosion of the CDD base, severe CCD damage, and no image output. When the hard mirror experiences bending deformation, objective lens fragmentation, and other problems, it can also cause no image failure. These problems are mainly caused by non-standard operations in diagnosis, surgical treatment, and sterilization and disinfection. For example, when using holmium laser in urological surgery, the fiber optic cable is not in place and the mirror tube is punctured; The hard lens objective is electrocuted by a high-frequency electric knife or accidentally hit by the power system working part, causing the objective to shatter; Or damage caused by accidental falls or collisions during disinfection and sterilization. Due to limitations in maintenance techniques and equipment, most endoscopes with the aforementioned malfunctions require outsourcing to professional repair companies, which is time-consuming and costly. Therefore, standardized operation is essential, and operators should receive regular and strict training and assessment to reduce the occurrence of such faults.

三、內窺鏡故障

3、 Endoscope malfunction

內(nei)窺鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)主要(yao)分為(wei)硬管內(nei)窺鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)和電子(zi)軟(ruan)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)兩大(da)類。硬管內(nei)窺鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)因其結(jie)構和使用(yong)特性，故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)現(xian)象主要(yao)以圖(tu)像性質改變呈現(xian)出(chu)來，表現(xian)有圖(tu)像暗(an)淡、圖(tu)像模糊、圖(tu)像不全、部分為(wei)因外力因素造成鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)體明顯的變形、缺損(sun)等；電子(zi)軟(ruan)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)主要(yao)表現(xian)為(wei)漏水(shui)、水(shui)氣堵塞(sai)、角(jiao)鈕虛位(wei)并彎曲角(jiao)度不足(zu)、圖(tu)像偏暗(an)等。

Endoscopic malfunctions are mainly divided into two categories: hard tube endoscopic malfunctions and electronic soft endoscope malfunctions. Due to its structure and usage characteristics, the failure phenomena of hard tube endoscopes are mainly manifested by changes in image properties, such as dim images, blurred images, incomplete images, and obvious deformation and defects of the endoscope body caused by external forces; The main manifestations of electronic soft mirror faults are water leakage, water vapor blockage, insufficient bending angle of corner buttons, and dark images.

（1） 硬管內窺鏡故障

(1) Hard tube endoscope malfunction

故(gu)障(zhang)現象有圖(tu)(tu)像(xiang)暗淡、圖(tu)(tu)像(xiang)模糊、圖(tu)(tu)像(xiang)不全、因外力(li)因素造(zao)成(cheng)鏡(jing)體明顯變形、缺(que)損等，故(gu)障(zhang)分析及處理措施如下：

The fault phenomena include dim images, blurred images, incomplete images, obvious deformation and defects of the mirror body caused by external forces. The fault analysis and handling measures are as follows:

圖像暗(an)淡.先檢查冷光(guang)(guang)源和光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)是(shi)否正常，如果冷光(guang)(guang)源燈(deng)泡(pao)累計使用(yong)時(shi)間已經到達(da)500 h，光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)有(you)明顯(xian)斷(duan)裂或有(you)明顯(xian)暗(an)點，都應(ying)及時(shi)更換。以上(shang)兩部件沒問題(ti)時(shi)，大多為內(nei)窺鏡導光(guang)(guang)束接頭(tou)受到污染發黑、發黃，方(fang)法(fa)是(shi)清洗內(nei)窺鏡傳像系統

The image is dim. First, check if the cold light source and fiber optic are normal. If the cold light source bulb has been used for 500 hours and there are obvious fractures or dark spots in the fiber optic, it should be replaced in a timely manner. When there are no issues with the above two components, most of them are due to contamination, blackening, and yellowing of the endoscope beam connector. The solution is to clean the endoscope imaging system

圖像(xiang)模糊.大多數(shu)情(qing)況下是(shi)因(yin)為(wei)長時間的使用，寶石保(bao)護玻璃磨損老(lao)化引起，有(you)時也因(yin)為(wei)物(wu)鏡的密封性破壞(huai)造成，定期(qi)做好維護保(bao)養(yang)可以有(you)效預防故障發生。

Image blurring. In most cases, it is caused by long-term use, wear and aging of the gemstone protective glass, and sometimes damage to the sealing of the objective lens. Regular maintenance can effectively prevent malfunctions from occurring.

圖(tu)像不全(quan).此故障(zhang)多數是因內窺鏡(jing)(jing)內部柱狀透鏡(jing)(jing)斷裂或 崩邊等引起(qi)，而人為的摔(shuai)碰、撞擊等是造成這(zhe)種(zhong)損害的主要(yao)原因，所在硬管內窺鏡(jing)(jing)的使用、運(yun)輸(shu)、等過程中，需要(yao)輕拿輕放并做(zuo)好(hao)保護措施(shi)。

Incomplete image. This fault is mostly caused by the breakage or edge collapse of the cylindrical lens inside the endoscope, and human impact is the main cause of this damage. During the use, transportation, disinfection, and other processes of the hard tube endoscope, it is necessary to handle it with care and take protective measures.

因外力(li)因素造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)鏡(jing)體明(ming)顯變形(xing)、缺損。此(ci)種故(gu)障(zhang)相對(dui)嚴重，一(yi)般(ban)會并發(fa)上述(shu) 3 種故(gu)障(zhang)，甚造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)無圖像(xiang)輸出。主要(yao)原因為(wei)： 操(cao)作人員使用鈥激(ji)光、高頻電刀、動力(li)系統等設備時不慎打傷物鏡(jing)，造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)前端(duan)缺損；操(cao)作鏡(jing)子與鞘(qiao)管連(lian)接時未對(dui)準位置(zhi)，然后在(zai)調整(zheng)視野或插拔時用力(li)過(guo)猛，造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)變形(xing)；時不慎撞(zhuang)擊、摔碰亦可造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)。因此(ci)，加強(qiang)操(cao)作人員規范化培訓可以減少故(gu)障(zhang)發(fa)生。

Due to external forces, the mirror body undergoes significant deformation and defects. This type of fault is relatively serious, usually accompanied by the above three types of faults, and even results in no image output. The main reason is that the operator accidentally injured the objective lens while using equipment such as holmium laser, high-frequency electric knife, and power system, resulting in front-end defects; Improper alignment of the mirror and sheath during operation, and excessive force during adjustment of the field of view or insertion and removal, resulting in deformation; Accidental impact or fall during disinfection and sterilization can also cause damage. Therefore, strengthening standardized training for operators can reduce the occurrence of faults.

電子軟鏡故障

Electronic soft mirror malfunction

故障現象有漏水、水氣堵塞、角(jiao)鈕虛位(wei)并彎曲(qu)角(jiao)度不足、圖(tu)像(xiang)偏暗(an)等。故障分析及處理如(ru)下：

The fault symptoms include water leakage, water vapor blockage, missing and insufficient bending angle of the corner knob, and dark image. The fault analysis and handling are as follows:

漏(lou)(lou)(lou)水。電子軟鏡故障(zhang)以漏(lou)(lou)(lou)水為常(chang)見，泄漏(lou)(lou)(lou)點可出現在(zai)很多部(bu)位：彎(wan)曲橡皮處因(yin)老(lao)化(hua)、劃痕、戳刺等破(po)損(sun)出現針孔漏(lou)(lou)(lou)水； 插入管因(yin)老(lao)化(hua)、劃傷等破(po)損(sun)出現漏(lou)(lou)(lou)水；鉗道管磨損(sun)、刺破(po)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)水；角度旋鈕處密封(feng)圈老(lao)化(hua)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)水；按鈕老(lao)化(hua)破(po)損(sun)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)水等。簡單有效的應對和(he)處理方法是(shi)做好測漏(lou)(lou)(lou)，這樣可以及時發現漏(lou)(lou)(lou)水故障(zhang)和(he)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)水部(bu)位，停用鏡子并馬上進行維修，避(bi)免故障(zhang)進一步擴大。

Leakage. The common malfunction of electronic soft mirrors is water leakage, which can occur in many parts: needle hole leakage occurs at the bent rubber due to aging, scratches, punctures, and other damages; The insertion tube leaks due to aging, scratches, and other damages; Wear, puncture, and leakage of the clamp pipe; The sealing ring at the angle knob is aging and leaking water; Button aging, damage, water leakage, etc. A simple and effective response and handling method is to do a good job of leak detection, which can timely detect water leakage faults and areas, stop using the mirror and immediately carry out maintenance to avoid further expansion of the problem.

水(shui)氣堵塞。水(shui)氣堵塞故障時(shi)有發(fa)生(sheng)，特別以(yi)腸(chang)鏡為主。大多因為先端水(shui)氣噴(pen)嘴(zui)被污物堵塞引起，用(yong)正(zheng)確的方法卸下噴(pen)嘴(zui)，裁剪細長(chang) X 光膠(jiao)片，用(yong) X 光膠(jiao)片拉扯穿過噴(pen)嘴(zui)數次來里面(mian)污物，有時(shi)還需(xu)要用(yong)水(shui)槍、氣槍對氣水(shui)管(guan)路進行沖洗數次。

Water vapor blockage. Water vapor blockage faults often occur, especially with colonoscopy. Most of the time, it is caused by the blockage of the water and gas nozzle at the front end by dirt. Remove the nozzle using the correct method, cut the thin and long X-ray film, and use the X-ray film to pull through the nozzle several times to remove the dirt inside. Sometimes, it is also necessary to rinse the air and water pipeline several times with a water gun or air gun.

角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)鈕(niu)虛位并彎曲(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)不足。因為長時(shi)(shi)間的使用，角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)鋼絲(si)會(hui)出(chu)現老化(hua)(hua)變(bian)松，牽拉位置變(bian)化(hua)(hua)，造成調(diao)節(jie)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)時(shi)(shi)，一(yi)開始旋轉角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)鈕(niu)沒有角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)變(bian)化(hua)(hua)，出(chu)現虛位同(tong)時(shi)(shi)還會(hui)造成彎曲(qu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)不足。不規范操(cao)作是此(ci)類故(gu)障(zhang)發生的重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)原(yuan)因，如調(diao)節(jie)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)時(shi)(shi)用力過(guo)猛過(guo)快或角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)度(du)(du)到(dao)達(da)限(xian)位后仍然強行調(diao)節(jie)，嚴重(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)會(hui)出(chu)現鋼絲(si)斷開。定期對操(cao)作人員開展規范化(hua)(hua)操(cao)作培訓和(he)對鏡(jing)子進行維護保(bao)養是重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)的預防(fang)應對方(fang)法。

The corner button is missing and the bending angle is insufficient. Due to long-term use, the angle steel wire will age and become loose, and the pulling position will change. When adjusting the angle, the initial rotation of the angle knob will not change the angle, resulting in a virtual position and insufficient bending angle. Unstandardized operation is an important cause of such faults, such as excessive or rapid force when adjusting the angle, or forcefully adjusting the angle even after reaching the limit, which can lead to wire breakage in severe cases. Regular standardized operation training for operators and maintenance of mirrors are important preventive measures.

圖像(xiang)偏(pian)暗。檢(jian)查冷光源的(de)亮(liang)度(du)、內鏡導光束(shu)情況(kuang)、監視(shi)(shi)器亮(liang)度(du)及對比(bi)度(du)的(de)設置(zhi)。燈泡達到(dao)使用累計時(shi)間、導光束(shu)出現(xian)老化(hua) 斷(duan)裂后需(xu)要(yao)及時(shi)更換，監視(shi)(shi)器亮(liang)度(du)及對比(bi)度(du)設置(zhi)好后無需(xu)改變。

The image is dark. Check the brightness of the cold light source, the condition of the endoscopic guide beam, and the setting of the monitor brightness and contrast. The light bulb needs to be replaced in a timely manner after reaching its cumulative usage time and the guide beam has aged and broken. After setting the brightness and contrast of the monitor, there is no need to change it.

其(qi)他(ta)常(chang)見的配套設備和器(qi)械故障

Other common malfunctions of supporting equipment and instruments

氣(qi)腹機故(gu)障，主要(yao)為壓力(li)錯誤和流(liu)(liu)量(liang)不正確報警，前者是設備內部高低(di)壓閥故(gu)障造(zao)成(cheng)，更換(huan)壓力(li)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)或更換(huan)受到(dao)油污染的隔膜墊(dian)后可以；后者是氣(qi)體(ti)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)出現偏差或損壞造(zao)成(cheng)，可以對(dui)出現偏差的流(liu)(liu)量(liang)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)進行校準或更換(huan)新的流(liu)(liu)量(liang)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)來。

The main faults of the pneumoperitoneum machine are pressure errors and incorrect flow rate alarms. The former is caused by internal high and low pressure valve failures, which can be solved by replacing the pressure sensor or replacing the diaphragm pad contaminated with oil; The latter is caused by deviation or damage to the gas flow sensor, which can be calibrated or replaced with a new flow sensor to solve the problem.

動(dong)(dong)力系統(tong)故障，主要為(wei)輸出動(dong)(dong)力不足(zu)或無輸出故障，大多數是動(dong)(dong)力手(shou)柄(bing)內電(dian)機和(he)傳動(dong)(dong)軸承老化磨損或手(shou)柄(bing)電(dian)纜線損壞 造成的，做好時的防護(hu)和(he)定期的維護(hu)保(bao)養可以(yi)預防此類故障發生。

Power system failures are mainly caused by insufficient or no output power, and most of them are caused by aging and wear of the motor and transmission bearings inside the power handle, or damage to the handle cables. Proper protection during disinfection and sterilization, as well as regular maintenance, can prevent such failures from occurring.

高頻電(dian)(dian)刀故障，主要(yao)有腳踏開(kai)關無反(fan)應、連接線斷(duan)、電(dian)(dian)刀漏電(dian)(dian)等，做好定期(qi)維(wei)護檢測可(ke)以(yi)減(jian)少此類故障發生。

High frequency electric knife faults mainly include unresponsive foot switches, broken connecting wires, and electric knife leakage. Regular maintenance and testing can reduce the occurrence of such faults.