應用(yong)方面，簡單的可以分為兩(liang)大類，就(jiu)是工業用(yong)內窺(kui)鏡(jing)和醫用(yong)內窺(kui)鏡(jing)。

In terms of application, it can be simply divided into two categories: industrial endoscopes and medical endoscopes.

關(guan)于工業內(nei)(nei)(nei)窺(kui)(kui)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)的種類，從(cong)成像形式分(fen)為：光(guang)學內(nei)(nei)(nei)窺(kui)(kui)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、光(guang)纖(xian)內(nei)(nei)(nei)窺(kui)(kui)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、電(dian)子內(nei)(nei)(nei)窺(kui)(kui)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、CCD視頻內(nei)(nei)(nei)窺(kui)(kui)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、CMOS視頻內(nei)(nei)(nei)窺(kui)(kui)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、電(dian)動360°內(nei)(nei)(nei)窺(kui)(kui)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing) 。從(cong)內(nei)(nei)(nei)窺(kui)(kui)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)光(guang)源(yuan)種類分(fen)為高頻熒光(guang)燈內(nei)(nei)(nei)窺(kui)(kui)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、光(guang)纖(xian)鹵素燈內(nei)(nei)(nei)窺(kui)(kui)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)、LED內(nei)(nei)(nei)窺(kui)(kui)鏡(jing)(jing)(jing)

Regarding the types of industrial endoscopes, they can be divided into optical endoscopes, fiber optic endoscopes, electronic endoscopes, CCD video endoscopes, CMOS video endoscopes, and electric 360 ° endoscopes based on their imaging forms. According to the types of endoscopic light sources, they can be divided into high-frequency fluorescent endoscope, fiber halogen endoscope, and LED endoscope

關于醫用內窺鏡分類，按(an)其發(fa)展及成像構造(zao)分類：可大(da)體分為3大(da)類：硬(ying)管式(shi)內鏡、光學纖維(軟管式(shi))內鏡和電子內鏡。

Regarding the classification of medical endoscopes, according to their development and imaging structure, they can be broadly divided into three categories: rigid tube endoscopes, optical fiber (flexible tube) endoscopes, and electronic endoscopes.

醫療檢查用(yong)內(nei)窺鏡(jing)有許多(duo)不(bu)(bu)同的(de)種(zhong)類，其分類方法各有不(bu)(bu)同，一(yi)般來講比(bi)較通用(yong)的(de)有下列三種(zhong)分類法。在市場(chang)銷售方面(mian)，目前使用(yong)多(duo)的(de)類別(bie)以臨床(chuang)上能否(fou)改(gai)變方向分為硬質(zhi)鏡(jing)和(he)彈性軟鏡(jing)兩種(zhong)。

There are many different types of endoscopes used in medical examinations, and their classification methods are different. Generally speaking, the following three classification methods are more commonly used. In terms of market sales, there are currently two types of lenses that are commonly used: rigid lenses and flexible lenses, based on whether they can change direction in clinical practice.

按內窺鏡(jing)的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)能分(fen)為：單(dan)功(gong)(gong)能鏡(jing)及(ji)多功(gong)(gong)能鏡(jing)。單(dan)功(gong)(gong)能鏡(jing)是指沒有工作通道，僅(jin)有光學系統的(de)(de)觀(guan)察(cha)鏡(jing);多功(gong)(gong)能鏡(jing)指除具有觀(guan)察(cha)鏡(jing)的(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)能為，在同一鏡(jing)身，還具有少(shao)一個(ge)以上的(de)(de)工作通道，具有照(zhao)明、手術、沖洗(xi)及(ji)吸(xi)引等多種(zhong)功(gong)(gong)能。

According to the functions of endoscopes, they are divided into single function endoscopes and multifunctional endoscopes. Single function mirror refers to an observation mirror with no working channel and only an optical system; A multifunctional mirror refers to a device that not only has the function of an observation mirror, but also has at least one working channel in the same mirror body, and has multiple functions such as lighting, surgery, flushing, and suction.

按內(nei)(nei)窺(kui)鏡(jing)所(suo)到達(da)的部位(wei)不同進行分(fen)類：分(fen)為耳(er)鼻喉內(nei)(nei)窺(kui)鏡(jing)、口腔(qiang)內(nei)(nei)窺(kui)鏡(jing)、牙科(ke)內(nei)(nei)窺(kui)鏡(jing)、神經鏡(jing)、尿(niao)道(dao)膀胱鏡(jing)、電切鏡(jing)、腹腔(qiang)鏡(jing)、關節鏡(jing)、鼻竇鏡(jing)、喉鏡(jing)等。

Classify according to the different locations reached by endoscopes: ear, nose, and throat endoscopes, oral endoscopes, dental endoscopes, neuroscopes, urethral cystoscopy, electrocautery, laparoscopy, arthroscopy, sinusoscopy, laryngoscopy, etc.

臨床上根據內(nei)窺鏡(jing)鏡(jing)身能否(fou)改變方(fang)向(xiang)進行(xing)分(fen)類：分(fen)為硬質鏡(jing)和彈(dan)性軟鏡(jing)兩種。硬質鏡(jing)(RIGID ENDOSCOPE)為棱鏡(jing)光(guang)(guang)學系統(tong)，大優點是成(cheng)像(xiang)清晰，可(ke)(ke)配多個(ge)工作通道，選(xuan)取多個(ge)視角。彈(dan)性軟鏡(jing)(FLEXIBLE ENDOSCOPE)為光(guang)(guang)導纖(xian)維(wei)光(guang)(guang)學系統(tong)，此光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)內(nei)窺鏡(jing)大特點是鏡(jing)頭部分(fen)可(ke)(ke)被術(shu)者操(cao)縱改變方(fang)向(xiang)，擴(kuo)大應(ying)用的(de)范圍，但成(cheng)像(xiang)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)不(bu)如硬質鏡(jing)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)好。

In clinical practice, endoscopes are classified based on whether they can change direction: they are divided into two types: rigid endoscopes and flexible endoscopes. RIGID ENDOSCOPE is a prism optical system with the major advantage of clear imaging, multiple working channels, and the ability to select multiple perspectives. FLEXIBILE ENDOSCOPE is an optical fiber system. The main feature of this fiber optic endoscope is that the lens can be manipulated by the surgeon to change direction and expand the application range, but the imaging effect is not as good as that of a hard lens.